Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR)

Level

Description

professional usage

Reading and comprehension without any effort. Can summarize information from various written and verbal sources while giving a coherent account of reasons and explanations. Can express her/himself spontaneously, very fluently and precisely, pointing out subtle nuances of complex structures or facts.

Comprehension of demanding, extensive texts, capturing their implicit meaning. The student can express herself/himself spontaneously and fluently without any difficulty. Can apply the language in a social and professional environment, as well as during education and further studies. The student can express herself/himself clearly, structured and detailed on complex contents and thus make adequate use of various word processing systems.

usage of independent language

Can understand the substance of complex texts on concrete and abstract subjects, i.e. discussions on specific topics. The student can engage her/himself spontaneously and fluently in a natural conversation with native speakers without major efforts on both sides. Precise and detailed expression on a broader range of subjects, taking a stand on actual queries, weighing pros and cons on different options.

Provided clear standard language terms are used, she/he can understand the key points of familiar tasks at work, at school or during leisure time. Most situations can be handled on trips to the relevant country. The student can give simple and coherent account of familiar subjects and personal interests. Her/she can talk about experiences and incidents, describe dreams, hopes and goals. Can briefly talk about plans and views.

usage of elementary language

Can understand sentences with frequently used expressions which are related to the fields of direct significance, i.e. information on persons, family, shopping, work, surrounding. Can engage in a direct exchange of information about familiar and routine matters. Can easily refer to a personal biography, educational background, personal environment and matters pertaining to immediate needs.

Can understand and apply familiar, daily used phrases and sentences which will meet specific requirements. The student can introduce her/himself and others. Can ask about residential areas, inquire about interests. In return, these questions can be answered. Can communicate on a simple level when subjects are expressed slowly and distinctly with a willingness to be assisted.